Thursday, October 4, 2012
Monday, June 25, 2012
T- Shirts
My T-Shirt guy says they'll be in tomorrow Tuesday, 26 July. I'll be at school on Thursday 28 July from 9-2- stop by and pick yours up!
Update - The shirts are in! I will be at school at 10 tomorrow- in my office
Wednesday, May 9, 2012
Tuesday, May 8, 2012
Friday, April 27, 2012
Monday, April 23, 2012
Tuesday, April 10, 2012
Practice Test for WW II and The Cold War
Here is the practice test- note that the first 12 questions of the second batch are from our next unit.
I put it here because I'm not sure google docs is uploading properly!
WW II
1. Anger over the apparent surprise attack on Pearl Harbor led to a public outcry for an aggressive "Get Japan First" policy, but the military plans of the United States provided for what other course for American power?
A. Heavy focus on defensive buildup on the Pacific coast to prevent a successful Japanese invasion of the mainland U.S.
B. Adoption of a "Germany First" policy in agreement with the British with just enough power aimed at the Japanese to keep them in balance.
C. Focusing upon the defense of North Africa and the Mediterranean because of the importance of those regions to the flow of world trade.
D. Pouring American military strength and aid into Nationalist China as a check to possible Japanese aggression against the U.S. mainland.
E. Concentration of U.S. military power in Australian and New Zealand for a future counterstroke against the Japanese in the Pacific.
2. Post-Pearl Harbor hysteria combined with traditional racial prejudice resulted in which of the following actions by the U.S. government?
A. Government orders shutting down all German, Italian, and Japanese cultural, educational, or public organizations and publications.
B. National wave of anti-German reaction similar to the events of World War I.
C. Arrest and placement of 110,000 Japanese-Americans in concentration camps for the duration of the war.
D. New immigration laws prohibiting any immigrants from Germany, Japan, Italy, or any other Axis ally.
E. Arrest and detention of all foreign-born citizens from nations at war with the U.S.
3. The opening of World War II for the United States had an unexpected side effect. What was that?
A. Billions of dollars of overseas U.S. assets were captured by the Germans and Japanese.
B. Farm production faltered as farm workers were drafted into military service; only a program of national food rationing prevented hunger and shortages.
C. A military draft was quickly passed by the U.S. Congress in 1942 to provide the manpower needed to fight the war.
D. Roosevelt's New Deal programs were quickly abandoned.
E. Defense spending soared and the size of the military establishment was vastly increased.
4. The true purpose of gasoline rationing and the decision to stop the production of civilian passenger cars was which of the following?
A. Psychological program to draw the American people into the war effort by making them feel they were sacrificing something to the national cause.
B. National security measure to prevent unrestricted travel and allow authorities to monitor where citizens were located or where they might be traveling.
C. Cut off from Asian supplies of rubber, the government needed to conserve that resource by restricting use of tires.
D. To stretch the limited American supply of oil to cover all national needs.
E. To force American workers to stay near their jobs and focus all time and efforts on war production.
5. Trying to hold down sharp inflationary pressures created by war production and natural shortages, the federal government took all of the following steps EXCEPT?
A. Lowered consumption of critical items like beef or butter through national rationing.
B. Established the Office of Price Administration to regulate consumer prices.
C. Established a cap on wage increases through the War Labor Board.
D. Obtained no-strike pledges from labor leaders and made strikes in certain key industries a criminal offense.
E. Nationalized all labor unions under direct federal control.
6. Wartime labor shortages among agricultural workers were to a certain extent lessened by an agreement with Mexico to import thousands of agricultural workers known as:
A. Smith-McCarren Agricultural Immigration Act of 1943
B. Bracero program
C. Border Workers Agency.
D. 1942 Temporary Immigrant Workers Act.
E. La Raza.
7. The Smith-Connally Anti-Strike Act of 1943 dealt with the threat of wartime production disruption through labor strikes in which way?
A. Nationalized all labor unions under federal authority.
B. Banned labor union activities for the duration of the war.
C. Authorized federal government to seize and operate key industries; made strikes against a federally operated industry a criminal offense.
D. Threatened a special military draft for any labor union members participating in strikes.
E. Established a National Labor Grievance Board with broad powers to arbitrate disputes between workers and employers.
8. American women took part in the war effort during the years 1942-1945 by all of the following means EXCEPT?
A. Specialized military draft for women in medical profession.
B. Volunteer work in Red Cross, military canteens, other humanitarian efforts.
C. Traditional women's jobs in the home.
D. Rosie the Riveter - industrial wartime production
E. WAACs, WAVES, SPARs
9. Angry that defense contractors in the South were not hiring African American workers, but were prospering from increased federal defense spending, this individual threatened a 1941 March on Washington to demand equal opportunities for blacks in war jobs. Who was he?
A. Martin Luther King.
B. A. Philip Randolph.
C. W.E.B. Du Bois.
D. Booker T. Washington.
E. George Washington Carver.
10. In response to the threat of an embarrassing African American protest in 1941 against racism in defense hiring, Franklin D. Roosevelt issued an executive order forbidding discrimination in defense industries financed with federal funds and back his order with what other action?
A. Threatened to draft defense contractors who violated his orders into military service.
B. Placed prominent black leaders in positions of authority to supervise the defense industry.
C. Established the Fair Employment Practices Commission to monitor his orders.
D. Withheld defense funds and contracts from those states found to be violating his executive orders.
E. Pushed federal laws through Congress banning all segregation and "Jim Crow" laws in the states.
11. The "Great Migration" of African Americans to the North that had begun back during World War I was accelerated during World War II and after by the availability of urban industrial jobs in the North, the less racist attitudes of northern state laws, and what other motivation?
A. White southern citizen councils offering cash incentives to blacks who would migrate north with their families.
B. Passage by southern legislatures of even more restrictive "Jim Crow" and segregation laws during World War II.
C. Violent race riots in 1943 in southern cities like New Orleans and Atlanta.
D. Increased terror activities during the war by groups like the Ku Klux Klan.
E. Displacement of black agricultural workers by the mechanical cotton picker.
12. Concerning the impact of World War II upon the United States economy, all of the following statements are true EXCEPT?
A. The Great Depression was ended by World War II, not the New Deal.
B. Disposal personal income doubled during World War II.
C. Every household was impacted by government economic decisions, especially rationing.
D. The use of the military draft to artificially reduce unemployment and increase wages by creating labor shortages became an accepted economic strategy for the government.
E. Government involvement and supervision in the lives of individual workers increased dramatically during World War II.
13. The heaviest use method of financing World War II and the source of the greatest revenue to cover the costs of the conflict was which of the following?
A. Increase income taxes.
B. Higher tariff rates.
C. War bonds and other government borrowing programs.
D. Special excise taxes on alcohol, luxury items, movie and theater tickets. etc.
E. Land sales from federally held territory in western states.
14. The American military commander in the Philippines who held off determined Japanese attacks for five months in 1942 before being ordered to escape to Australia and who uttered the words "I Shall Return" was?
A. John J. Pershing.
B. George Patton.
C. Chester Nimitz.
D. Douglas MacArthur
E. Dwight David Eisenhower
15. The American naval commander of the entire Pacific theater whose forces defeated and turned by the Japanese navy at the Battle of Midway with a carrier based action was:
A. John J. Pershing.
B. George Patton.
C. Chester Nimitz.
D. Douglas MacArthur.
E. Dwight David Eisenhower.
16. The famous defensive highway constructed during World War II under adverse and dangerous conditions called the "Alcan Highway" was aimed what defensive purpose?
A. Connecting the Pacific and East Coast industrial wartime production regions with the Midwest heartland.
B. Providing easy access for Gulf Coast oil supplies to the rest of the nation.
C. Joining the United States to Alaska through Canada.
D. Opening a transportation network between the U.S. and rubber supplies in Central America.
E. Establishing a highway network between defense industrial plants in California and the energy production facilities along the Columbia River.
17. The Marianas including the island of Saipan were particularly valuable assets to the Allied cause in the Pacific for what reason?
A. Location allowed Allies to isolated the Japanese home islands from reinforcements from mainland China and Asia.
B. Cut the supply lines between Japan and her principal fortified bases in the Pacific.
C. Opened the way for a reoccupation of the Philippine Islands by U.S. forces.
D. Provided an airbase for B-29 superbombers to attack the Japanese home islands on a regular basis.
E. Capture of islands ended all possibility of a Japanese invasion of Alaska or Canada.
18. The American commander of the 1942 invasion of North Africa, later the supreme commander of the invasion of Western Europe was?
A. John J. Pershing.
B. George Patton.
C. Chester Nimitz.
D. Douglas MacArthur.
E. Dwight David Eisenhower.
19. The decision to demand the "unconditional surrender" of the Axis Powers (Germany, Italy, and Japan) was reached by Roosevelt and Churchill at which wartime conference?
A. Washington, 1942
B. Casablanca, 1943
C. Cairo, 1943
D. Teheran, 1943
E. Yalta, 1945
20. The decision to invade Western Europe and France was finally made at which of the wartime conferences?
A. Washington, 1942
B. Casablanca, 1943
C. Cairo, 1943
D. Teheran, 1943
E. Yalta, 1945
21. In the election of 1944 the Republican party selected which of the following individuals as their presidential candidate to oppose Roosevelt?
A. Alfred Landon.
B. Wendell Willkie.
C. Thomas Dewey.
D. Henry A. Wallace.
E. Harry S Truman.
22. In the election of 1944 the conservative wing of the Democratic party clamored to dump the sitting vice president because of Roosevelt's advanced age and poor health and because the sitting vice president was seen as too radical and liberal to work with Congress. Who was this vice president?
A. Alfred Landon.
B. Wendell Wilkie.
C. Thomas Dewey.
D. Henry A. Wallace.
E. Harry S Truman.
23. At the 1944 Democratic convention the man selected as vice president to run with Franklin Roosevelt was a little know senator from Missouri by the name of?
A. Alfred Landon.
B. Wendell Wilkie.
C. Thomas Dewey.
D. Henry A. Wallace.
E. Harry S Truman.
24. President Truman issued the orders to use the atomic bombs against Japan at which of these wartime conferences with this stern ultimatum from the Allies: "We call upon the government of Japan to proclaim now the unconditional surrender of all Japanese armed forces... the alternative for Japan is prompt and utter destruction."
A. Okinawa, 1944
B. Philippines, 1945
C. Yalta, 1945
D. Potsdam, 1945
E. London, 1945
25. From a practical sense, the most dangerous weapon to the Allied cause in the hands of Hitler and the Nazi war machine was which of the following.
A. V-2 rockets and buzz bombs.
B. Submarines.
C. Atomic technology.
D. Advanced, long range bombers.
E. Jet fighters.
Correct Answer
1 B
2 C
3 D
4 C
5 E
6 B
7 C
8 A
9 B
10 C
11 E
12 D
13 C
14 D
15 C
16 C
17 D
18 E
19 B
20 D
21 C
22 D
23 E
24 D
25 B
Cold War
NOTE 1- 12 are from next unit!
1. Passed over Truman's veto, the Taft-Hartley Act of 1947 was a Republican attempt to curb the power of what group?
A. Labor unions.
B. Civil rights groups.
C. Veterans organizations.
D. Suspected communist front groups.
E. Major corporations.
2. All of the following were economic indicators appearing in 1946 and 1947 which seem to indicate a downturn or even a depression would follow the close of World War II EXCEPT?
A. Millions of returning soldiers and sailors would soon be looking for jobs.
B. The gross national product (GNP) slumped badly in 1946-1947.
C. As wartime price controls were lifted, prices of all good soared 33% in 1946-1947.
D. Hundreds of thousands of women were forced into the workforce looking for jobs to support their families.
E. In 1946 4.6 million angry laborers worked out on strike.
3. Truman's administration attempted to prevent any possible post-war depression by all of the following means EXCEPT?
A. Sold wartime factories and military installations to private businesses at fire-sale prices to boost the economy.
B. Began massive public works projects not unlike Roosevelt's New Deal programs to absorb the excess worker population.
C. Passed through Congress the Employment Act of 1946 to make it government policy to promote "maximum employment, production, and purchasing power."
D. Created the Economic Council of Advisers to the president to provide him with data and suggestions for improve the economy of the nation.
E. Passed the Servicemen's Readjustment Act of 1944 or GI Bill to assist soldiers and sailors back into the civilian world.
4. The Servicemen's Readjustment Act of 1944, also called the GI Bill of Rights, provided all the following services to ex-soldiers and sailors EXCEPT?
A. Scholarships for the children of GI killed in combat.
B. Funding for college educations
C. Technical or vocational training at government expense.
D. Home loans for GIs through the Veterans Administration.
E. Guaranteed loans for GIs to purchase farms or small businesses.
5. One of the unexpected side impacts of the Servicemen's Readjustment Act of 1944 is accurately described by which of the following statements?
A. Promoted union memberships among those who receive vocational training.
B. Forced the government to face segregation and discrimination when African American soldiers were denied their GI Bill benefits in southern states.
C. Stimulated economic expansion and prosperity in post-war America.
D. Added to urban congestion as veterans flocked to the cities to take advantage of the benefits offered by the GI Bill.
E. Created a demand for a new class of lawyers who could assist veterans in the legalities of obtaining their benefits.
6. All of the following statements are true regarding post-war America from 1945 to the mid-1950s EXCEPT?
A. General prosperity and opportunity was spread equally between all classes and ethnic groups.
B. Women enjoyed increased employment opportunities.
C. By 1960 60% of all American families owned their own homes.
D. By 1959 the majority of American families owned a car and 90% owned a TV.
E. Middle class doubled to include 60 percent of the American public.
7. The "fly in the ointment" of the 1950s prosperity is best described by which of the following statements?
A. Foundation of that prosperity was colossal military spending by the federal government.
B. Great segments of the population, including more than 40% of the population, were not part of the prosperity.
C. The prosperity of the day was illusionary in that the "rich grew richer" but the poor and the working class did not share in the bounty.
D. Economic growth was in a few industries and areas which, if they collapsed, would collapse the entire economic boom.
E. Unless the economy of the other nations of the world, especially Western Europe, were rebuilt, the American economy could not remain healthy very long.
8. American prosperity and productivity of the 1950s was based upon all the following factors EXCEPT
A. Rising educational level of the workforce with 90% of all school aged individuals enrolled in educational institutions as of 1970.
B. Cheap and easily available energy supplies, especially oil.
C. Mechanization and increasing use of fertilizers brought tremendous gains in agricultural productivity while the numbers of farm workers dropped dramatically.
D. Rising industrial and agricultural productivity doubled the standard of living of the average American between 1945 and 1970.
E. Prices for all consumer goods from homes to cars continued to drop during the 1950s and 1960s to levels that were lower than those seen in the Depression years.
9. Which of the following individuals was famous for his books on child-rearing advice for the post-war parents of the millions of new babies that arrived during the Baby Boom.
A. Rachel Carson.
B. Betty Friedan.
C. Benjamin Spock.
D. Sloan Wilson
E. Gore Vidal.
10. The Levitt brothers of New York's Long Island were deeply involved in which of the following trends of the 1950s?
A. Expansion of television industry.
B. Explosive growth of the "sunbelt" states.
C. America's move to the suburbs.
D. Highway construction.
E. Creation of family theme parks.
11. Each of the following factors helped promote the unusually growth of suburban populations in the 1950s EXCEPT?
A. Cheap government home loans.
B. Tax deductions on income tax for interest paid on home mortgages.
C. Government financed highways.
D. Fuel efficient automobiles.
E. Revolutionary, cost-cutting efficiency in home construction techniques.
12. The middle class movement to the suburbs in the 1950s created another late 20th century urban phenomenon. Which of the following statements correctly describes that change in America's cities.
A. Post-war baby boom of millions of children.
B. Increased federal spending on highways.
C. Poor minority populations dominating the inner city.
D. Popularity of automobiles.
E. Rise of the suburban shopping mall.
13. The decision to create the United Nations was made by Roosevelt, Stalin, and Churchill at which of the following wartime conferences?
A. Casablanca.
B. Cairo.
C. Teheran.
D. Yalta.
E. Potsdam.
14. In the closing months of World War II, the U.S. was desperate to get the Soviet Union to join the war against Japan to reduce the loss of American lives if an invasion were necessary. Stalin extracted all the following concessions from Roosevelt in exchange for a promise to join war against Japan after Germany was beaten. Which of the following concessions was NOT among those to which Roosevelt agreed?
A. The Soviets would have complete dominance in Eastern Europe, especially Poland.
B. The seaport of Port Arthur would come under Soviet control.
C. Russia would receive the southern half of Sakhalin Island.
D. Manchurian railroads would fall partially under Soviet control.
E. The Kurile Islands would become Soviet possessions.
15. Unstable post war relations and the growing distrust between the United States and the Soviet Union were both made more difficult by all of the following factors EXCEPT?
A. U.S. abrupt termination of Lend-Lease in 1945.
B. Refusal of the U.S. government to recognize the Bolshevik goverment from 1918 to 1933.
C. Delay of Britain and the U.S. to open a 2nd front against Nazi Germany in France until 1944.
D. Britain and the U.S. had kept the USSR out of their development of the atomic bomb.
E. British and U.S. troops occupying Manchurian cities that had been placed under Soviet control at the end of World War II.
16. The great promise of the United Nations and international cooperation failed terribly very early after World War II on this particular issue?
A. Peaceful, joint occupation of Germany.
B. Placing atomic technology under international control.
C. Helping former colonies move toward independence.
D. Preserving the peace in places like Iran and Kasmir.
E. Establishing a Jewish homeland in Israel.
17. What was the importance of Nuremberg in the immediate post-war world after 1945?
A. Allied decision to divide Germany was made at post-war conference here between Britain, France, U.S. and U.S.S.R.
B. War crime trials for top Nazi leadership held here.
C. Allied powers and U.S.S.R. met here to work out the organizational structure of the United Nations.
D. International conference held at Nuremberg to work out details of Marshall Plan.
E. Berlin Crisis started here in 1948.
18. Truman and the U.S. government reacted to the Soviet Union's blockade of Berlin in 1948 by which of the following means?
A. Seized Soviet diplomats in western capitals as hostages.
B. Mounted a year-long airlift to supply the city by a peaceful means.
C. Cut off the Soviets from all western financial aid.
D. Expelled the Soviets from the UN Security Council.
E. Offered to joint the Soviet in the Marshall Plan if they would end the blockade.
19. The essential ideas behind the American policy of "containment" of Soviet aggression were developed by which individual?
A. Thomas E. Dewey.
B. George F. Kennan.
C. Douglas MacArthur.
D. Richard Nixon.
E. Joseph McCarthy.
20. The trigger that pushed the U.S. into adopting the Truman Doctrine and the policy of containment was events in which of the following nations in 1947?
A. Italy.
B. Germany.
C. Greece.
D. France.
E. Czechoslovakia.
21. Congress balked at funding the reconstruction of Europe under the Marshall Plan until a communist takeover in this nation in 1948.
A. Italy.
B. Germany.
C. Greece.
D. France.
E. Czechoslovakia
22. In the years immediately following the end of World War II the United States reluctantly rearmed for the "Cold War" with all of the following actions EXCEPT?
A. Congress passed the National Security Act of 1947 creating the Department of Defense.
B. The U.S. Senate reluctantly approved U.S. membership in the United Nations.
C. Created the Central Intelligence Agency to coordinate the government's foreign fact finding activities.
D. Established the "Voice of America" to beam radio programs to Soviet dominated Eastern European nations.
E. Reestablished the military draft for U.S. citizens 19 to 25 years of age.
23. The North Atlantic Treaty Organization was organized in 1949 as a joint military defensive alliance between Western European nations and the U.S. It represented all the following changes for the U.S. EXCEPT?
A. Broke the traditional "non-entangling alliance" policy of isolationism.
B. Became the center of all U.S. Cold War policy in Europe.
C. Assured the European democracies that the U.S. would not abandon them.
D. Became an important branch of the United Nations Organization.
E. Boosted the military confrontation between the U.S. and its allies and the Soviet Union.
24. Upon the defeat of the Japanese Empire the U.S. set out upon an ambitious attempt to turn that Asian nation into a model democracy. This effort was placed in the able hands of which individual?
A. Thomas E. Dewey.
B. George F. Kennan.
C. Joseph McCarthy,
D. Douglas McArthur.
E. Richard Nixon.
25. A serious setback for Truman and the U.S. in Asia in 1949 is correctly described by which of the following?
A. Collapse of the pro-Western government in Iran.
B. Triumph of Mao Zedong and a communist regime in China.
C. Failure of the Japanese national legislature to adopt the U.S. backed constitution.
D. Rise of a pro-communist government in the Philippines.
E. Discovery of significant numbers of communist sympathizers in the Asian division of the State Department.
26. Alger Hiss was an important former New Deal official suspected of being a communist agent. He was pursued before congressional investigation committees by which of the following individuals?
A. George F. Kennan.
B. Duglas MacArthur.
C. Joseph McCarthy.
D. Richard Nixon.
E. Thomas E. Dewey.
27. The achievement of development an atomic weapon by the Soviets appeared in 1951 to have been partially the responsibility of which of the following individuals suspected of leaking crucial information to the Russians?
A. Alger Hiss.
B. Joseph McCarthy.
C. Ethel and Julius Rosenberg.
D. George C. Marshall.
E. William Howard Taft.
28. In 1948 the Democratic party split with a significant portion of the party forming a separate campaign on a third party platform. The issue that split the Democrats was which of the following?
A. Failure of Truman to root out communist sympathizers in the federal government.
B. Decision to abandon traditional isolationism and take part in organizations the UN and NATO.
C. A strong stand by Democratic convention leaders in favor of a civil rights plank in the party platform.
D. Refusal of the Democratic leadership to consider Dwight David Eisenhower as a candidate.
E. Anger over the growing national deficit, the growing size of the defense budget, and an apparent unwillingness by government officials do correct these problems.
29. The leader of the "Dixiecrats" or States' Rights party that challenged Truman from within the Democratic party in 1948 was?
A. Richard Nixon.
B. Joseph McCarthy.
C. Henry A. Wallace.
D. Dwight David Eisenhower.
E. J. Strom Thurmond.
30. In 1950 the Cold War turned hot when fighting broke out between communist forces and both U.S. and U.N. military units along with their local allies in what country?
A. Japan.
B. Korea.
C. Turkey.
D. Greece.
E. Philippines.
Correct Answer
1 A
2 D
3 B
4 A
5 C
6 A
7 A
8 E
9 C
10 C
11 D
12 C
13 D
14 A
15 E
16 B
17 B
18 B
19 B
20 C
21 E
22 B
23 D
24 D
25 B
26 D
27 C
28 C
29 E
30 B
I put it here because I'm not sure google docs is uploading properly!
WW II
1. Anger over the apparent surprise attack on Pearl Harbor led to a public outcry for an aggressive "Get Japan First" policy, but the military plans of the United States provided for what other course for American power?
A. Heavy focus on defensive buildup on the Pacific coast to prevent a successful Japanese invasion of the mainland U.S.
B. Adoption of a "Germany First" policy in agreement with the British with just enough power aimed at the Japanese to keep them in balance.
C. Focusing upon the defense of North Africa and the Mediterranean because of the importance of those regions to the flow of world trade.
D. Pouring American military strength and aid into Nationalist China as a check to possible Japanese aggression against the U.S. mainland.
E. Concentration of U.S. military power in Australian and New Zealand for a future counterstroke against the Japanese in the Pacific.
2. Post-Pearl Harbor hysteria combined with traditional racial prejudice resulted in which of the following actions by the U.S. government?
A. Government orders shutting down all German, Italian, and Japanese cultural, educational, or public organizations and publications.
B. National wave of anti-German reaction similar to the events of World War I.
C. Arrest and placement of 110,000 Japanese-Americans in concentration camps for the duration of the war.
D. New immigration laws prohibiting any immigrants from Germany, Japan, Italy, or any other Axis ally.
E. Arrest and detention of all foreign-born citizens from nations at war with the U.S.
3. The opening of World War II for the United States had an unexpected side effect. What was that?
A. Billions of dollars of overseas U.S. assets were captured by the Germans and Japanese.
B. Farm production faltered as farm workers were drafted into military service; only a program of national food rationing prevented hunger and shortages.
C. A military draft was quickly passed by the U.S. Congress in 1942 to provide the manpower needed to fight the war.
D. Roosevelt's New Deal programs were quickly abandoned.
E. Defense spending soared and the size of the military establishment was vastly increased.
4. The true purpose of gasoline rationing and the decision to stop the production of civilian passenger cars was which of the following?
A. Psychological program to draw the American people into the war effort by making them feel they were sacrificing something to the national cause.
B. National security measure to prevent unrestricted travel and allow authorities to monitor where citizens were located or where they might be traveling.
C. Cut off from Asian supplies of rubber, the government needed to conserve that resource by restricting use of tires.
D. To stretch the limited American supply of oil to cover all national needs.
E. To force American workers to stay near their jobs and focus all time and efforts on war production.
5. Trying to hold down sharp inflationary pressures created by war production and natural shortages, the federal government took all of the following steps EXCEPT?
A. Lowered consumption of critical items like beef or butter through national rationing.
B. Established the Office of Price Administration to regulate consumer prices.
C. Established a cap on wage increases through the War Labor Board.
D. Obtained no-strike pledges from labor leaders and made strikes in certain key industries a criminal offense.
E. Nationalized all labor unions under direct federal control.
6. Wartime labor shortages among agricultural workers were to a certain extent lessened by an agreement with Mexico to import thousands of agricultural workers known as:
A. Smith-McCarren Agricultural Immigration Act of 1943
B. Bracero program
C. Border Workers Agency.
D. 1942 Temporary Immigrant Workers Act.
E. La Raza.
7. The Smith-Connally Anti-Strike Act of 1943 dealt with the threat of wartime production disruption through labor strikes in which way?
A. Nationalized all labor unions under federal authority.
B. Banned labor union activities for the duration of the war.
C. Authorized federal government to seize and operate key industries; made strikes against a federally operated industry a criminal offense.
D. Threatened a special military draft for any labor union members participating in strikes.
E. Established a National Labor Grievance Board with broad powers to arbitrate disputes between workers and employers.
8. American women took part in the war effort during the years 1942-1945 by all of the following means EXCEPT?
A. Specialized military draft for women in medical profession.
B. Volunteer work in Red Cross, military canteens, other humanitarian efforts.
C. Traditional women's jobs in the home.
D. Rosie the Riveter - industrial wartime production
E. WAACs, WAVES, SPARs
9. Angry that defense contractors in the South were not hiring African American workers, but were prospering from increased federal defense spending, this individual threatened a 1941 March on Washington to demand equal opportunities for blacks in war jobs. Who was he?
A. Martin Luther King.
B. A. Philip Randolph.
C. W.E.B. Du Bois.
D. Booker T. Washington.
E. George Washington Carver.
10. In response to the threat of an embarrassing African American protest in 1941 against racism in defense hiring, Franklin D. Roosevelt issued an executive order forbidding discrimination in defense industries financed with federal funds and back his order with what other action?
A. Threatened to draft defense contractors who violated his orders into military service.
B. Placed prominent black leaders in positions of authority to supervise the defense industry.
C. Established the Fair Employment Practices Commission to monitor his orders.
D. Withheld defense funds and contracts from those states found to be violating his executive orders.
E. Pushed federal laws through Congress banning all segregation and "Jim Crow" laws in the states.
11. The "Great Migration" of African Americans to the North that had begun back during World War I was accelerated during World War II and after by the availability of urban industrial jobs in the North, the less racist attitudes of northern state laws, and what other motivation?
A. White southern citizen councils offering cash incentives to blacks who would migrate north with their families.
B. Passage by southern legislatures of even more restrictive "Jim Crow" and segregation laws during World War II.
C. Violent race riots in 1943 in southern cities like New Orleans and Atlanta.
D. Increased terror activities during the war by groups like the Ku Klux Klan.
E. Displacement of black agricultural workers by the mechanical cotton picker.
12. Concerning the impact of World War II upon the United States economy, all of the following statements are true EXCEPT?
A. The Great Depression was ended by World War II, not the New Deal.
B. Disposal personal income doubled during World War II.
C. Every household was impacted by government economic decisions, especially rationing.
D. The use of the military draft to artificially reduce unemployment and increase wages by creating labor shortages became an accepted economic strategy for the government.
E. Government involvement and supervision in the lives of individual workers increased dramatically during World War II.
13. The heaviest use method of financing World War II and the source of the greatest revenue to cover the costs of the conflict was which of the following?
A. Increase income taxes.
B. Higher tariff rates.
C. War bonds and other government borrowing programs.
D. Special excise taxes on alcohol, luxury items, movie and theater tickets. etc.
E. Land sales from federally held territory in western states.
14. The American military commander in the Philippines who held off determined Japanese attacks for five months in 1942 before being ordered to escape to Australia and who uttered the words "I Shall Return" was?
A. John J. Pershing.
B. George Patton.
C. Chester Nimitz.
D. Douglas MacArthur
E. Dwight David Eisenhower
15. The American naval commander of the entire Pacific theater whose forces defeated and turned by the Japanese navy at the Battle of Midway with a carrier based action was:
A. John J. Pershing.
B. George Patton.
C. Chester Nimitz.
D. Douglas MacArthur.
E. Dwight David Eisenhower.
16. The famous defensive highway constructed during World War II under adverse and dangerous conditions called the "Alcan Highway" was aimed what defensive purpose?
A. Connecting the Pacific and East Coast industrial wartime production regions with the Midwest heartland.
B. Providing easy access for Gulf Coast oil supplies to the rest of the nation.
C. Joining the United States to Alaska through Canada.
D. Opening a transportation network between the U.S. and rubber supplies in Central America.
E. Establishing a highway network between defense industrial plants in California and the energy production facilities along the Columbia River.
17. The Marianas including the island of Saipan were particularly valuable assets to the Allied cause in the Pacific for what reason?
A. Location allowed Allies to isolated the Japanese home islands from reinforcements from mainland China and Asia.
B. Cut the supply lines between Japan and her principal fortified bases in the Pacific.
C. Opened the way for a reoccupation of the Philippine Islands by U.S. forces.
D. Provided an airbase for B-29 superbombers to attack the Japanese home islands on a regular basis.
E. Capture of islands ended all possibility of a Japanese invasion of Alaska or Canada.
18. The American commander of the 1942 invasion of North Africa, later the supreme commander of the invasion of Western Europe was?
A. John J. Pershing.
B. George Patton.
C. Chester Nimitz.
D. Douglas MacArthur.
E. Dwight David Eisenhower.
19. The decision to demand the "unconditional surrender" of the Axis Powers (Germany, Italy, and Japan) was reached by Roosevelt and Churchill at which wartime conference?
A. Washington, 1942
B. Casablanca, 1943
C. Cairo, 1943
D. Teheran, 1943
E. Yalta, 1945
20. The decision to invade Western Europe and France was finally made at which of the wartime conferences?
A. Washington, 1942
B. Casablanca, 1943
C. Cairo, 1943
D. Teheran, 1943
E. Yalta, 1945
21. In the election of 1944 the Republican party selected which of the following individuals as their presidential candidate to oppose Roosevelt?
A. Alfred Landon.
B. Wendell Willkie.
C. Thomas Dewey.
D. Henry A. Wallace.
E. Harry S Truman.
22. In the election of 1944 the conservative wing of the Democratic party clamored to dump the sitting vice president because of Roosevelt's advanced age and poor health and because the sitting vice president was seen as too radical and liberal to work with Congress. Who was this vice president?
A. Alfred Landon.
B. Wendell Wilkie.
C. Thomas Dewey.
D. Henry A. Wallace.
E. Harry S Truman.
23. At the 1944 Democratic convention the man selected as vice president to run with Franklin Roosevelt was a little know senator from Missouri by the name of?
A. Alfred Landon.
B. Wendell Wilkie.
C. Thomas Dewey.
D. Henry A. Wallace.
E. Harry S Truman.
24. President Truman issued the orders to use the atomic bombs against Japan at which of these wartime conferences with this stern ultimatum from the Allies: "We call upon the government of Japan to proclaim now the unconditional surrender of all Japanese armed forces... the alternative for Japan is prompt and utter destruction."
A. Okinawa, 1944
B. Philippines, 1945
C. Yalta, 1945
D. Potsdam, 1945
E. London, 1945
25. From a practical sense, the most dangerous weapon to the Allied cause in the hands of Hitler and the Nazi war machine was which of the following.
A. V-2 rockets and buzz bombs.
B. Submarines.
C. Atomic technology.
D. Advanced, long range bombers.
E. Jet fighters.
Correct Answer
1 B
2 C
3 D
4 C
5 E
6 B
7 C
8 A
9 B
10 C
11 E
12 D
13 C
14 D
15 C
16 C
17 D
18 E
19 B
20 D
21 C
22 D
23 E
24 D
25 B
Cold War
NOTE 1- 12 are from next unit!
1. Passed over Truman's veto, the Taft-Hartley Act of 1947 was a Republican attempt to curb the power of what group?
A. Labor unions.
B. Civil rights groups.
C. Veterans organizations.
D. Suspected communist front groups.
E. Major corporations.
2. All of the following were economic indicators appearing in 1946 and 1947 which seem to indicate a downturn or even a depression would follow the close of World War II EXCEPT?
A. Millions of returning soldiers and sailors would soon be looking for jobs.
B. The gross national product (GNP) slumped badly in 1946-1947.
C. As wartime price controls were lifted, prices of all good soared 33% in 1946-1947.
D. Hundreds of thousands of women were forced into the workforce looking for jobs to support their families.
E. In 1946 4.6 million angry laborers worked out on strike.
3. Truman's administration attempted to prevent any possible post-war depression by all of the following means EXCEPT?
A. Sold wartime factories and military installations to private businesses at fire-sale prices to boost the economy.
B. Began massive public works projects not unlike Roosevelt's New Deal programs to absorb the excess worker population.
C. Passed through Congress the Employment Act of 1946 to make it government policy to promote "maximum employment, production, and purchasing power."
D. Created the Economic Council of Advisers to the president to provide him with data and suggestions for improve the economy of the nation.
E. Passed the Servicemen's Readjustment Act of 1944 or GI Bill to assist soldiers and sailors back into the civilian world.
4. The Servicemen's Readjustment Act of 1944, also called the GI Bill of Rights, provided all the following services to ex-soldiers and sailors EXCEPT?
A. Scholarships for the children of GI killed in combat.
B. Funding for college educations
C. Technical or vocational training at government expense.
D. Home loans for GIs through the Veterans Administration.
E. Guaranteed loans for GIs to purchase farms or small businesses.
5. One of the unexpected side impacts of the Servicemen's Readjustment Act of 1944 is accurately described by which of the following statements?
A. Promoted union memberships among those who receive vocational training.
B. Forced the government to face segregation and discrimination when African American soldiers were denied their GI Bill benefits in southern states.
C. Stimulated economic expansion and prosperity in post-war America.
D. Added to urban congestion as veterans flocked to the cities to take advantage of the benefits offered by the GI Bill.
E. Created a demand for a new class of lawyers who could assist veterans in the legalities of obtaining their benefits.
6. All of the following statements are true regarding post-war America from 1945 to the mid-1950s EXCEPT?
A. General prosperity and opportunity was spread equally between all classes and ethnic groups.
B. Women enjoyed increased employment opportunities.
C. By 1960 60% of all American families owned their own homes.
D. By 1959 the majority of American families owned a car and 90% owned a TV.
E. Middle class doubled to include 60 percent of the American public.
7. The "fly in the ointment" of the 1950s prosperity is best described by which of the following statements?
A. Foundation of that prosperity was colossal military spending by the federal government.
B. Great segments of the population, including more than 40% of the population, were not part of the prosperity.
C. The prosperity of the day was illusionary in that the "rich grew richer" but the poor and the working class did not share in the bounty.
D. Economic growth was in a few industries and areas which, if they collapsed, would collapse the entire economic boom.
E. Unless the economy of the other nations of the world, especially Western Europe, were rebuilt, the American economy could not remain healthy very long.
8. American prosperity and productivity of the 1950s was based upon all the following factors EXCEPT
A. Rising educational level of the workforce with 90% of all school aged individuals enrolled in educational institutions as of 1970.
B. Cheap and easily available energy supplies, especially oil.
C. Mechanization and increasing use of fertilizers brought tremendous gains in agricultural productivity while the numbers of farm workers dropped dramatically.
D. Rising industrial and agricultural productivity doubled the standard of living of the average American between 1945 and 1970.
E. Prices for all consumer goods from homes to cars continued to drop during the 1950s and 1960s to levels that were lower than those seen in the Depression years.
9. Which of the following individuals was famous for his books on child-rearing advice for the post-war parents of the millions of new babies that arrived during the Baby Boom.
A. Rachel Carson.
B. Betty Friedan.
C. Benjamin Spock.
D. Sloan Wilson
E. Gore Vidal.
10. The Levitt brothers of New York's Long Island were deeply involved in which of the following trends of the 1950s?
A. Expansion of television industry.
B. Explosive growth of the "sunbelt" states.
C. America's move to the suburbs.
D. Highway construction.
E. Creation of family theme parks.
11. Each of the following factors helped promote the unusually growth of suburban populations in the 1950s EXCEPT?
A. Cheap government home loans.
B. Tax deductions on income tax for interest paid on home mortgages.
C. Government financed highways.
D. Fuel efficient automobiles.
E. Revolutionary, cost-cutting efficiency in home construction techniques.
12. The middle class movement to the suburbs in the 1950s created another late 20th century urban phenomenon. Which of the following statements correctly describes that change in America's cities.
A. Post-war baby boom of millions of children.
B. Increased federal spending on highways.
C. Poor minority populations dominating the inner city.
D. Popularity of automobiles.
E. Rise of the suburban shopping mall.
13. The decision to create the United Nations was made by Roosevelt, Stalin, and Churchill at which of the following wartime conferences?
A. Casablanca.
B. Cairo.
C. Teheran.
D. Yalta.
E. Potsdam.
14. In the closing months of World War II, the U.S. was desperate to get the Soviet Union to join the war against Japan to reduce the loss of American lives if an invasion were necessary. Stalin extracted all the following concessions from Roosevelt in exchange for a promise to join war against Japan after Germany was beaten. Which of the following concessions was NOT among those to which Roosevelt agreed?
A. The Soviets would have complete dominance in Eastern Europe, especially Poland.
B. The seaport of Port Arthur would come under Soviet control.
C. Russia would receive the southern half of Sakhalin Island.
D. Manchurian railroads would fall partially under Soviet control.
E. The Kurile Islands would become Soviet possessions.
15. Unstable post war relations and the growing distrust between the United States and the Soviet Union were both made more difficult by all of the following factors EXCEPT?
A. U.S. abrupt termination of Lend-Lease in 1945.
B. Refusal of the U.S. government to recognize the Bolshevik goverment from 1918 to 1933.
C. Delay of Britain and the U.S. to open a 2nd front against Nazi Germany in France until 1944.
D. Britain and the U.S. had kept the USSR out of their development of the atomic bomb.
E. British and U.S. troops occupying Manchurian cities that had been placed under Soviet control at the end of World War II.
16. The great promise of the United Nations and international cooperation failed terribly very early after World War II on this particular issue?
A. Peaceful, joint occupation of Germany.
B. Placing atomic technology under international control.
C. Helping former colonies move toward independence.
D. Preserving the peace in places like Iran and Kasmir.
E. Establishing a Jewish homeland in Israel.
17. What was the importance of Nuremberg in the immediate post-war world after 1945?
A. Allied decision to divide Germany was made at post-war conference here between Britain, France, U.S. and U.S.S.R.
B. War crime trials for top Nazi leadership held here.
C. Allied powers and U.S.S.R. met here to work out the organizational structure of the United Nations.
D. International conference held at Nuremberg to work out details of Marshall Plan.
E. Berlin Crisis started here in 1948.
18. Truman and the U.S. government reacted to the Soviet Union's blockade of Berlin in 1948 by which of the following means?
A. Seized Soviet diplomats in western capitals as hostages.
B. Mounted a year-long airlift to supply the city by a peaceful means.
C. Cut off the Soviets from all western financial aid.
D. Expelled the Soviets from the UN Security Council.
E. Offered to joint the Soviet in the Marshall Plan if they would end the blockade.
19. The essential ideas behind the American policy of "containment" of Soviet aggression were developed by which individual?
A. Thomas E. Dewey.
B. George F. Kennan.
C. Douglas MacArthur.
D. Richard Nixon.
E. Joseph McCarthy.
20. The trigger that pushed the U.S. into adopting the Truman Doctrine and the policy of containment was events in which of the following nations in 1947?
A. Italy.
B. Germany.
C. Greece.
D. France.
E. Czechoslovakia.
21. Congress balked at funding the reconstruction of Europe under the Marshall Plan until a communist takeover in this nation in 1948.
A. Italy.
B. Germany.
C. Greece.
D. France.
E. Czechoslovakia
22. In the years immediately following the end of World War II the United States reluctantly rearmed for the "Cold War" with all of the following actions EXCEPT?
A. Congress passed the National Security Act of 1947 creating the Department of Defense.
B. The U.S. Senate reluctantly approved U.S. membership in the United Nations.
C. Created the Central Intelligence Agency to coordinate the government's foreign fact finding activities.
D. Established the "Voice of America" to beam radio programs to Soviet dominated Eastern European nations.
E. Reestablished the military draft for U.S. citizens 19 to 25 years of age.
23. The North Atlantic Treaty Organization was organized in 1949 as a joint military defensive alliance between Western European nations and the U.S. It represented all the following changes for the U.S. EXCEPT?
A. Broke the traditional "non-entangling alliance" policy of isolationism.
B. Became the center of all U.S. Cold War policy in Europe.
C. Assured the European democracies that the U.S. would not abandon them.
D. Became an important branch of the United Nations Organization.
E. Boosted the military confrontation between the U.S. and its allies and the Soviet Union.
24. Upon the defeat of the Japanese Empire the U.S. set out upon an ambitious attempt to turn that Asian nation into a model democracy. This effort was placed in the able hands of which individual?
A. Thomas E. Dewey.
B. George F. Kennan.
C. Joseph McCarthy,
D. Douglas McArthur.
E. Richard Nixon.
25. A serious setback for Truman and the U.S. in Asia in 1949 is correctly described by which of the following?
A. Collapse of the pro-Western government in Iran.
B. Triumph of Mao Zedong and a communist regime in China.
C. Failure of the Japanese national legislature to adopt the U.S. backed constitution.
D. Rise of a pro-communist government in the Philippines.
E. Discovery of significant numbers of communist sympathizers in the Asian division of the State Department.
26. Alger Hiss was an important former New Deal official suspected of being a communist agent. He was pursued before congressional investigation committees by which of the following individuals?
A. George F. Kennan.
B. Duglas MacArthur.
C. Joseph McCarthy.
D. Richard Nixon.
E. Thomas E. Dewey.
27. The achievement of development an atomic weapon by the Soviets appeared in 1951 to have been partially the responsibility of which of the following individuals suspected of leaking crucial information to the Russians?
A. Alger Hiss.
B. Joseph McCarthy.
C. Ethel and Julius Rosenberg.
D. George C. Marshall.
E. William Howard Taft.
28. In 1948 the Democratic party split with a significant portion of the party forming a separate campaign on a third party platform. The issue that split the Democrats was which of the following?
A. Failure of Truman to root out communist sympathizers in the federal government.
B. Decision to abandon traditional isolationism and take part in organizations the UN and NATO.
C. A strong stand by Democratic convention leaders in favor of a civil rights plank in the party platform.
D. Refusal of the Democratic leadership to consider Dwight David Eisenhower as a candidate.
E. Anger over the growing national deficit, the growing size of the defense budget, and an apparent unwillingness by government officials do correct these problems.
29. The leader of the "Dixiecrats" or States' Rights party that challenged Truman from within the Democratic party in 1948 was?
A. Richard Nixon.
B. Joseph McCarthy.
C. Henry A. Wallace.
D. Dwight David Eisenhower.
E. J. Strom Thurmond.
30. In 1950 the Cold War turned hot when fighting broke out between communist forces and both U.S. and U.N. military units along with their local allies in what country?
A. Japan.
B. Korea.
C. Turkey.
D. Greece.
E. Philippines.
Correct Answer
1 A
2 D
3 B
4 A
5 C
6 A
7 A
8 E
9 C
10 C
11 D
12 C
13 D
14 A
15 E
16 B
17 B
18 B
19 B
20 C
21 E
22 B
23 D
24 D
25 B
26 D
27 C
28 C
29 E
30 B
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